Founder of the Islamic civilization in Egypt

: Dr. Ragheb El-Sergany

03:45-2013/01/08

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Founder of the Islamic civilization in Egypt

‘Amr ibn Al-‘Aas, May Allaah Be Pleased with him, built the first mosque in Egypt in 21 AH at Al-Fustaat. The mosque symbolized the emergence of Islam in Egypt and the dominance of the Islamic state over the country. ‘Amr ibn Al-‘Aas Mosque was known during the times of its prosperity as “the Crown of Mosques”, and was known later on as “the Ancient Mosque”.

It is located north of the fortress of Babylon. It has become a shining beacon of knowledge and culture, relating the history of the Islamic state in Egypt throughout the ages until this very day.
During the reign of Caliph ‘Uthmaan ibn ‘Affaan, May Allaah Be Pleased with him, (23-35 AH / 643-655 AD), the Muslims began to build a fleet in order to repel any potential naval attack and in order to launch Jihaad against the Byzantines.

The task of establishing the Muslim fleet was assigned to experts in Egypt and As-Shaam. However, the Egyptians played the greater role in establishing the Muslim fleet. By the year 33 AH / 654 AD, the Muslims had a huge fleet, with which they managed to scatter the sovereignty of the Byzantine Empire in the Mediterranean Sea and conquer some of its islands.

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The Conquest of Sindh- introduction

The conquest of Sindh, located in today’s Pakistan, happened in stages. During the Caliphate of Omar ibn al Khattab (r), Muslim armies approached the coast of Makran, but Omar (r) withdrew the troops in response to reports of a harsh and inhospitable terrain. Emir Muawiya subdued eastern Afghanistan and the Northwest Frontier areas. However, it was not until the reign of Walid I (705-713) that much of what is today Pakistan was brought under Muslim rule.

The Conquest of Sindh- 1

Hajjaj bin Yusuf Saqafi was the Omayyad governor of Iraq. When reports reached him of this incident, he wrote to Raja Dahir demanding that the captives be released and the responsible pirates punished. Dahir refused. This refusal set the stage for the onset of hostilities. It was the responsibility of the Caliphate to protect its citizens and to fight against injustice no matter what quarter it came from. Hajjaj bin Yusuf had that responsibility as a governor representing the Caliph. He sent an expedition under Ubaidullah bin Binhan to free the captives but Ubaidullah was defeated and killed in combat by troops of the Raja.

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